National name: Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah
Land area: 384,344 sq mi (995,451 sq km); total area: 386,662 sq mi (1,001,450 sq km)
Population (2012 est.): 83,688,164 (growth rate: 1.92%)
Capital and largest city (2009 est.): Cairo, 10,902,000
Other large cities: Alexandria, 4,387,000; Giza, 2,597,600 (part of Cairo metro. area); Shubra el Khema, 1,018,000 (part of Cairo metro. area); El Mahalla el Kubra, 462,300
Monetary unit: Egyptian pound
Languages: Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes
Ethnicity/race: Egyptian 98%, Berber, Nubian, Bedouin, and Beja 1%, Greek, Armenian, other European (primarily Italian and French) 1%
National Holiday: Revolution Day, July 23
Religions: Islam (mostly Sunni) 90%, Coptic 9%, Christian 1%, other 6%
Literacy rate: 71.4% (2011 est.)
Industries: textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals, light manufactures.
Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, zinc.
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